Microneedling – Collagen Induction Therapy

Percutaneous Collagen Induction (PCI) Therapy

Overview

Microneedling, also known as Collagen Induction Therapy (CIT), is a minimally invasive procedure that utilizes sterile, fine-gauge needles to create controlled micro-injuries in the epidermis and superficial dermis. These microchannels stimulate the skin’s natural wound healing response, resulting in the release of growth factors and the upregulation of collagen and elastin synthesis. Microneedling is a foundational treatment in aesthetic medicine, improving skin tone, texture, and overall dermal architecture.

Mechanism of Action

The mechanical stimulus from microneedles initiates a three-phase wound healing cascade:

  • Inflammatory Phase – Platelet activation and release of growth factors (PDGF, TGF-β, EGF)
  • Proliferative Phase – Fibroblast activation, angiogenesis, keratinocyte migration
  • Remodeling Phase – Type I and III collagen deposition, reorganization of extracellular matrix
The microchannels also serve as conduits for enhanced transdermal delivery of topical agents such as hyaluronic acid, PRP/PRF, peptides, or exosomes.
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Indications and Treatment Areas

Microneedling is clinically indicated for:

  • Atrophic acne scars
  • Fine lines and early rhytids
  • Enlarged pores and sebaceous imbalance
  • Textural irregularities and roughness
  • Melasma and dyschromia (when combined with lightening agents)
  • Stretch marks and striae distensae
  • Alopecia (in conjunction with PRP/PRF)
It is suitable for treatment on the face, neck, décolleté, scalp, and body. Safe for all Fitzpatrick skin types with minimal risk of post-inflammatory hyperpigmentation when properly administered.

Clinical Considerations

A topical anesthetic is applied pre-procedure to ensure patient comfort. Post-treatment erythema, warmth, and mild edema are expected and typically resolve within 24–72 hours. Downtime is minimal, and makeup may generally be resumed after 24 hours. Depending on indication and skin condition, a protocol of 3–6 sessions spaced 4–6 weeks apart is recommended. Combination with PRP/PRF or medical-grade serums may enhance reparative outcomes.

Summary

Microneedling is a scientifically supported, low-risk regenerative therapy that offers significant clinical improvement in skin texture, firmness, and scarring. Its versatility and safety profile make it a cornerstone modality in aesthetic skin rejuvenation.

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